Functional Groups - Structures

Ways of Writing Organic Structures



Organic molecules can be written in several ways depending on the amount of information that needs to be shown.

Molecular Formulas show only actual number of each type of atom in the molecule but does not show anything about how they are connected.
Expanded Structural Formulas show each and every covalent bond in the molecule.
Stick Structures are a type of structural formula. They use points/corners to represent carbon atoms and symbols for other elements. Any carbon that does not have an octet with the symbols shown is assumed to complete its octet using hydrogen atoms.
Condensed Structural Formulas generally do not show any bonds, just the atoms in such a way that would indicate how they are connected.
Combination Formulas sometimes the above types are mixed to form a new type of structure that does not fall neatly into one of the above categories.


Below are examples of each type of representation.


Molecular formula C2H6O2
Expanded Formula
Stick Formula
Condensed Formula OH(CH2)2OH


Continue reading about alkanes.


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